The President's Room

President Woodrow Wilson Plans to Meet with Senate Committees to Shape Legislation

Woodrow Wilson had great plans for this room when he became president in 1913. The first Democratic president in sixteen years, he intended to use the President's Room as a working office to confer with congressional Democrats, who controlled both houses for the first time in eighteen years. At first, Wilson was a frequent caller, but he visited the Capitol less often as support for his legislative agenda faltered and his relations with Congress deteriorated. Republicans, who regained the Senate majority in 1918--as well as many members of his own party--resented Wilson's failure to confer with the Senate before negotiating the treaty ending World War I, and the president suffered a humiliating defeat when the Senate rejected the Versailles Treaty on November 19, 1919, and again on March 19, 1920.

Wilson's last visit to the President's Room was particularly painful. While signing end-of-session legislation on March 4, 1921, he was informed by Foreign Relations Committee Chairman Henry Cabot Lodge (R-MA), who had led the fight against the treaty, that Congress had completed its work and awaited "further communication from you." His health broken by an exhausting campaign to secure popular support for the treaty, Wilson refused to look at his adversary, responding with a terse "I have no further communication."

For further reading:

Fleming, Denna Frank. The Treaty Veto of the American Senate (New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1930)

Lodge, Henry Cabot. "The Treaty-Making Power of the Senate," in A Fighting Frigate and Other Essays and Addresses (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1902)