The president is constitutionally required to be natural born, but foreign–born senators need only nine years of U.S. citizenship to qualify for office. Constitutional qualifications to be a senator are specified in Article I, section 3.
Key:
* Born to American parents abroad
† Born in territories not yet incorporated into the U.S.
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| Senator | Senate Service | Birth Place |
| David H. Armstrong (MO) | 1877–1879 | Canada |
| David Baird (NJ) | 1918–1919 | Ireland |
| Edward D. Baker (OR) | 1860–1861 | England |
| James B. Beck (KY) | 1877–1890 | Scotland |
| Judah P. Benjamin (LA) | 1853–1861 | St. Croix |
| Rudy Boschwitz (MN) | 1978–1991 | Germany |
| Pierce Butler (SC) | 1789–1796; 1802–1804 | Ireland |
| George W. Campbell (TN) | 1811–1814; 1815–1818 | Scotland |
| Eugene Casserly (CA) | 1869–1873 | Ireland |
| John Conness (CA) | 1863–1869 | Ireland |
| James Couzens (MI) | 1922–1936 | Canada |
| James J. Davis (PA) | 1930–1945 | Wales |
| Charles E. Dudley (NY) | 1829–1833 | England |
| James G. Fair (NV) | 1881–1887 | Ireland |
| Eligius Fromentin (LA) | 1813–1819 | France |
| Albert Gallatin (PA) | not seated | Switzerland |
| Jacob H. Gallinger (NH) | 1891–1918 | Canada |
| Frank R. Gooding (ID) | 1921–1928 | England |
| William Harper (SC) | 1826 | Antigua |
| Samuel I. Hayakawa (CA) | 1977–1983 | Canada |
| Mazie K. Hirono (HI) | 2013–present | Japan |
| William Hughes (NJ) | 1913–1918 | Ireland |
| James Jackson (GA) | 1793–1795; 1801–1806 | England |
| Magnus Johnson (MN) | 1923–1925 | Sweden |
| Charles W. Jones (FL) | 1875–1887 | Ireland |
| John P. Jones (NV) | 1873–1903 | England |
| Thomas Kearns (UT) | 1901–1905 | Canada |
| Octaviano A. Larrazolo (NM) | 1928–1929 | Mexico |
| John Laurance (NY) | 1796–1800 | England |
| William Lorimer (IL) | 1909–1912 | England |
| Walter Lowrie (PA) | 1819–1825 | Scotland |
| Stephen R. Mallory (FL) | 1851–1861 | Trinidad |
| Lee Mantle (MT) | 1895–1899 | England |
| Mel Martinez (FL) | 2005–2009 | Cuba |
| James McMillan (MI) | 1889–1902 | Canada |
| Joseph H. Millard (NE) | 1901–1907 | Canada |
| Robert Morris (PA) | 1789–1795 | England |
| John Moses (ND) | 1945 | Norway |
| James E. Murray (MT) | 1934–1961 | Canada |
| Knute Nelson (MN) | 1895–1923 | Norway |
| Samuel D. Nicholson (CO) | 1921–1923 | Canada |
| Samuel Pasco (FL) | 1887–1899 | England |
| William Paterson (NJ) | 1789–1790 | Ireland |
| Thomas M. Patterson (CO) | 1901–1907 | Ireland |
| Alexander Porter (LA) | 1833–1837 | Ireland |
| Edward V. Robertson (WY) | 1943–1949 | Wales |
| Carl Schurz (MO) | 1869–1875 | Germany |
| William J. Sewell (NJ) | 1881–1887; 1895–1901 | Ireland |
| James Shields (IL, MN, MO) | 1849–1855; 1858–1859; 1879 | Ireland |
| Joseph Simon (OR) | 1898–1903 | Germany |
| Pierre Soulé (LA) | 1847; 1849–1853 | France |
| Isaac Stephenson (WI) | 1907–1915 | Canada |
| Patrick J. Sullivan (WY) | 1929–1930 | Ireland |
| George Sutherland (UT) | 1905–1917 | England |
| Thomas Taggart (IN) | 1916 | Ireland |
| Edward Tiffin (OH) | 1807–1809 | England |
| Robert F. Wagner (NY) | 1927–1949 | Germany |
| Patrick Walsh (GA) | 1894–1895 | Ireland |
| David L. Yulee (FL) | 1845–1851; 1855–1861 | St. Thomas |
| Michael F. Bennet (CO)
| 2009–present | India |
| Charles W. Cathcart (IN)
| 1852–1853 | Madeira |
| Ted Cruz (TX)
| 2013–present | Canada |
| Tammy Duckworth (IL)
| 2017–present | Thailand |
| Felix Hébert (RI)
| 1929–1935 | Canada |
| John S. McCain III (AZ)
| 1987–2018 | Panama Canal Zone |
| James W. Nesmith (OR)
| 1861–1867 | Canada |
| George T. Oliver (PA)
| 1909–1917 | Ireland |
| Chris Van Hollen (MD)
| 2017–present | Pakistan |
| Lowell P. Weicker, Jr. (CT)
| 1971–1989 | France |
| George P. Wetmore (RI)
| 1895–1907; 1908–1913 | England |
| Hiram Bingham (CT)
| 1924–1933 | Kingdom of Hawaii |
| Charles D. J. Bouligny (LA)
| 1824–1829 | Spanish Louisiana |
| Jean N. Destréhan (LA)
| 1812 | French Louisiana |
| Bernie Moreno (OH) | 2025-present | Colombia |
