| CONGRESS | SENATOR | TERM BEGAN | TERM ENDED | COMMENTS |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Class 2 | ||||
| 16th-28th | William R. King (DR, JR, J, D) | Dec. 14, 1819 | Apr. 15, 1844 | Resigned |
| 28th-30th | Dixon H. Lewis (D) | Apr. 22, 1844 | Oct. 25, 1848 | Appointed, then elected; died |
| 30th-31st | Benjamin Fitzpatrick (D) | Nov. 25, 1848 | Nov. 30, 1849 | Appointed |
| 31st-32nd | Jeremiah Clemens (D) | Nov. 30, 1849 | Mar. 3, 1853 | |
| 33rd-38th | Clement C. Clay, Jr. (D) | Nov. 29, 18531 | Jan. 21, 18612 | |
| 40th-41st | Willard Warner (R) | Jul. 25, 18683 | Mar. 3, 1871 | |
| 42nd-44th | George Goldthwaite (D) | Jan. 15, 18724 | Mar. 3, 1877 | |
| 45th-60th | John T. Morgan (D) | Mar. 4, 1877 | Jun. 11, 1907 | Died |
| 60th-66th | John H. Bankhead (D) | Jun. 18, 1907 | Mar. 1, 1920 | Appointed, then elected; died |
| 66th | Braxton B. Comer (D) | Mar. 5, 1920 | Nov. 2, 1920 | Appointed |
| 66th-71st | James T. Heflin (D) | Nov. 3, 1920 | Mar. 3, 1931 | |
| 72nd-79th | John H. Bankhead II (D) | Mar. 4, 1931 | Jun. 12, 1946 | Died |
| 79th | George R. Swift (D) | Jun. 15, 1946 | Nov. 5, 1946 | Appointed |
| 79th-95th | John J. Sparkman (D) | Nov. 6, 1946 | Jan. 3, 1979 | |
| 96th-104th | Howell T. Heflin (D) | Jan. 3, 1979 | Jan. 3, 1997 | |
| 105th-115th | Jeff Sessions (R) | Jan. 3, 1997 | Feb. 8, 2017 | |
| 115th | Luther J. Strange III (R) | Feb. 9, 2017 | Jan. 3, 2018 | Appointed |
| 115th-116th | Doug Jones (D) | Jan. 3, 2018 | Jan. 3, 2021 | |
| 117th- | Tommy Tuberville (R) | Jan. 3, 2021 | Present | |
| Class 3 | ||||
| 16th-17th | John W. Walker (DR) | Dec. 14, 1819 | Dec. 12, 1822 | Resigned |
| 17th-18th | William Kelly (DR, J) | Dec. 12, 1822 | Mar. 3, 1825 | |
| 19th | Henry H. Chambers (J) | Mar. 4, 1825 | Jan. 24, 1826 | Died |
| 19th | Israel Pickens (J) | Feb. 17, 1826 | Nov. 27, 1826 | Appointed |
| 19th-21st | John McKinley (J, D) | Nov. 27, 1826 | Mar. 3, 1831 | |
| 22nd-24th | Gabriel Moore (DR, JR, J) | Mar. 4, 1831 | Mar. 3, 1837 | |
| 25th | John McKinley (J, D) | Mar. 4, 1837 | Apr. 22, 1837 | Resigned |
| 25th-27th | Clement C. Clay (D) | Jun. 19, 1837 | Nov. 15, 1841 | Resigned |
| 27th-30th | Arthur P. Bagby (D) | Nov. 24, 1841 | Jun. 16, 1848 | Resigned |
| 30th-32nd | William R. King (DR, JR, J, D) | Jul. 1, 1848 | Dec. 20, 1852 | Appointed, then elected; resigned |
| 32nd-36th | Benjamin Fitzpatrick (D) | Jan. 14, 1853 | Jan. 21, 18615 | Appointed, then elected; withdrew |
| 40th-45th | George E. Spencer (R) | Jul. 25, 18686 | Mar. 3, 1879 | |
| 46th | George S. Houston (D) | Mar. 4, 1879 | Dec. 31, 1879 | Died |
| 46th | Luke Pryor (D) | Jan. 7, 1880 | Nov. 23, 1880 | Appointed |
| 46th-54th | James L. Pugh (D) | Nov. 24, 1880 | Mar. 3, 1897 | |
| 55th-60th | Edmund W. Pettus (D) | Mar. 4, 1897 | Jul. 27, 1907 | Died |
| 60th-63rd | Joseph F. Johnston (D) | Aug. 7, 1907 | Aug. 8, 1913 | Died |
| 63rd | Francis (Frank) S. White (D) | May 11, 19147 | Mar. 3, 1915 | |
| 64th-69th | Oscar W. Underwood (D) | Mar. 4, 1915 | Mar. 3, 1927 | |
| 70th-75th | Hugo L. Black (D) | Mar. 4, 1927 | Aug. 19, 1937 | Resigned |
| 75th | Dixie B. Graves (D) | Aug. 20, 1937 | Jan. 10, 1938 | Appointed; resigned |
| 75th-90th | J. Lister Hill (D) | Jan. 11, 1938 | Jan. 2, 1969 | Appointed, then elected |
| 91st-95th | James B. Allen (D) | Jan. 3, 1969 | Jun. 1, 1978 | Died |
| 95th | Maryon P. Allen (D) | Jun. 8, 1978 | Nov. 7, 1978 | Appointed |
| 95th-96th | Donald W. Stewart (D) | Nov. 8, 1978 | Jan. 1, 1981 | Resigned |
| 96th-99th | Jeremiah A. Denton, Jr. (R) | Jan. 2, 19818 | Jan. 3, 1987 | |
| 100th-117th | Richard C. Shelby (R) | Jan. 3, 1987 | Jan. 3, 2023 | |
| 118th- | Katie Boyd Britt (R) | Jan. 3, 2023 | Present | |
1. Vacancy from Mar. 4, 1853, to Nov. 28, 1853 because of failure of legislature to elect.
2. Withdrew from the Senate Jan. 21, 1861. Seat declared vacant Mar. 14, 1861. Because of Civil War, vacancy from Jan. 21, 1861, to July 22, 1868, following Alabama’s readmission to representation on July 13, 1868.
3. By legislature, to fill vacancy in term beginning Mar. 4, 1865.
4. Not sworn in until Jan. 15, 1872, because of contested election.
5. Vacancy in this seat from Mar. 4, 1855, to Nov. 25, 1855, because of failure of legislature to elect, but the Senate was not in session during that time. Fitzpatrick was again elected to fill the vacancy. Withdrew from the Senate Jan. 21, 1861. Paid to February 4, 1861. Seat declared vacant Mar. 14, 1861. Because of Civil War, vacancy from Jan. 21, 1861, to July 20, 1868, following Alabama’s readmission to representation on July 13, 1868.
6. By legislature to fill vacancy in term beginning Mar. 4, 1867.
7. Vacancy from Aug. 8, 1913, to May 11, 1914. Henry D. Clayton was appointed by the governor on Aug. 12, 1913, to fill vacancy; credentials withdrawn, Oct. 21, 1913. Frank P. Glass was appointed by the governor on Nov. 17, 1913, but by Senate resolution, Feb. 4, 1914, was declared not entitled to a seat. White subsequently won a special election to the seat.
8. Elected for the term commencing Jan. 3, 1981; subsequently appointed by the governor on Jan. 2, 1981, to fill the vacancy for the term ending Jan. 3, 1981.
